A few months ago, a research group published a paper: A sequence of 28S rRNA-derived small RNAs are enriched in mature sperm and various somatic tissues and possibly associates with inflammation.
In recent years, in addition to miRNAs and piRNAs, other types of small non-coding (sncRNAs) have been discovered, such as tsRNAs derived from tRNA. As another important housekeeping RNA in cells, can rRNA also produce such small RNAs similar to tsRNAs?
There is still a lack of in-depth research for such area. Under the guidance of researchers, assistant researchers conducted in-depth research on small non-coding RNA in mouse sperm and found that one of them is derived from 28S rRNA—sncRNA (rsRNA-28S), which is very similar to the sequence of known tsRNAs. Further studies have found that the existing genomic data of mice does not contain the DNA sequence information corresponding to rsRNA-28S.
In the previous studies using RNA-seq on mouse sperm RNA, the conventional genome mapping method was used to perform sequencing data and the rsRNA-28S was discarded when it is mistaken for a garbage sequence that cannot be mapped. Through quantitative experiments, the researchers found that rsRNA-28S is even more abundant in mouse sperm than known tsRNAs, and it is also expressed in multiple somatic cells.
Somatic cell rsRNA-28S is capable of responding to LPS-stimulated expression changes, while screening of dozens of human sperm samples revealed significant changes in rsRNA-28S in leukocytosis spermatozoa in patients with genital tract inflammation. This study results found a rsRNA that is very similar to known tsRNAs, and revealed the shortcomings of existing genome mapping methods in small RNA sequencing and exploring the function of rsRNA-28S. These results suggest that there may be a class of “housekeeping RNA-derived” small RNAs in the cell, not just tsRNA from tRNA.
The research work was supported by many researchers and funded by related institutions. The goal is to support with the molecular biology technology platform of the cell.
Further reading: 16S rRNA, One of the Most Important rRNAs
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