With the development of industrial production and the advancement of science and technology, new materials with high melting point, high hardness, high strength, high brittleness, high viscosity and high purity are constantly emerging. There are more and more workpieces with various complex structures and special process requirements, which makes traditional machining methods impossible or difficult to process. Therefore, in addition to further developing and perfecting the mechanical processing method, people also strive to seek new processing methods. EDM can meet the needs of production development and show many excellent properties in application, so it has been rapidly developed and widely used.

The characteristics of EDM are as follows:

1. The energy density of pulse discharge is high, which is convenient for processing special materials and workpieces with complex shapes that are difficult or impossible to process with ordinary machining methods. Not affected by material hardness, not affected by heat treatment conditions.

2. The duration of pulse discharge is extremely short, the heat conduction and diffusion range generated during discharge is small, and the material affected by heat is small.

3. During processing, the tool electrode does not contact the workpiece material, and the macroscopic force between the two is extremely small. The tool electrode material does not need to be harder than the workpiece material, so the tool electrode is easy to manufacture.

4. It can reform the structure of the workpiece, simplify the processing technology, improve the service life of the workpiece, and reduce the labor intensity of workers.

Based on the above characteristics, the main uses of EDM are as follows:

1) Manufacture of punching dies, plastic dies, forging dies and die casting dies.

2) Machining of small holes, deformed holes and threaded holes in carbide.

3) Cut out parts on sheet metal.

4) Machining slits.

5) Grinding flat and round surfaces.

6) Others (such as strengthening metal surfaces, taking out broken tools, perforating quenched parts, directly processing parts with complex profiles, etc.).

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