5G is the fifth generation of wireless network technologies. 5G is the new global wireless standard after 4G. It enables the creation of a new type of network that delivers faster data rates, lower latency, and supports more users, devices, and services, all at the same time being more efficient.

5G supports three broad categories of use cases.

• Enhanced Mobile Broadband (eMBB) – High bandwidth services for wireless communications.

• Ultra-Reliable Low Latency Communication (URLLC) – ultra-reliable and low latency communications for mission-critical requirements.

• Massive Machine Type Communication (mMTC) is the reliable communication for billions of sensors and control devices.

Peak downlink data rates for 5G can reach 20Gbps, which is 20 times the 4G LTE peak rate of 1Gbps. 5G networks are predicted to provide 10 to 100 times faster data transfer rates for user interactions, support 10 to 100 times more connected devices than 4G networks, and have ultra-low latency of the order of 1 millisecond (ms).

The 5G era will go beyond improving network performance and boosting speed, bringing new innovative and improved connectivity to users. 5G can enhance business application performance while delivering new user interfaces and services in areas such as augmented, virtual, and mixed reality (AR, VR, and MR) applications, video conferencing, industrial automation, self-driving cars, and connected medical devices.

What problems does 5G solve?

Service providers will use 5G to handle ever-increasing data traffic thanks to significant cost-per-bit reductions. 5G also allows service providers to prevent the decline in average revenue per subscriber (ARPU) by providing new 5G services to consumers, the government and businesses.

Enterprises are expected to be the biggest beneficiaries of 5G technologies, benefiting from increased performance, flexibility and scalability of their services. For example, the biggest expected change is likely to occur in industrial automation, where factories will be serviced by wirelessly controlled robots. In such environments, even the smallest moving parts will be monitored, operated and controlled wirelessly within the production line.

Healthcare is another major industry where 5G networks are being used. Remote surgery or networked ambulances can help save lives that doctors can’t reach. With the power of 5G, retailers will offer new experiences (such as AR, VR, and MR) when testing, simulating and purchasing products, both in and out of traditional stores.

Consumer-side cloud gaming is a new application that does not require heavy gaming clients, and games are directly rendered on the edge of the 5G network. heures miroirs, AR and VR traffic now accounts for approximately 20% of the traffic in some early 5G deployments. The use of fixed radio access (FWA) to provide residential 5G broadband services is also gaining momentum.

From a government perspective, smart cities, utilities, and public safety agencies can greatly benefit from 5G. Connected vehicles and vehicle solutions can help improve road safety and save lives.

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How 5G works

5G networks require new technology components to meet new performance and latency requirements.

• New Spectrum:  To achieve high data rates, 5G networks require new spectrum frequencies above 6 GHz: centimetre (6 to 30 GHz) and millimetre (over 30 GHz). 5G networks will also be rolled out in sub-6 GHz frequency bands. The lower frequency bands provide coverage, while the upper bands provide throughput.

• Massive MIMO:  Multiple-Input and Multiple-Output (MIMO) is a way to multiply the bandwidth of a radio link using multiple transmit and receive antennas. Massive MIMO, in turn, is a MIMO system with a particularly large number of antennas (eg 8, 16, 64, 128, etc.). Massive MIMO increases spectral efficiency and network coverage.

• 5G New Radio (5G NR):  5G NR is a new 5G radio access technology developed by the 3GPP consortium for the 5G mobile network. 5G NR technology is based on the ultra-lean design principle to reduce signal transmission and power consumption. It is also designed around a flexible loop structure, which enables efficient multiplexing of a variety of 5G services and forward compatibility with future 5G services.

• Open RAN:2 Open RAN is an open radio access network. In particular, Open RAN is a permanent change in the architecture of mobile networks that allows service providers to use non-proprietary sub-components from various vendors. Specific proprietary components such as remote radio nodes (RRHs) and baseband units (BBUs) are now disaggregated into centralized units (CUs), distributed units (DUs) and radio units (RUs). With Open RAN, new disaggregated functions can also be virtualized or containerized. The O-RAN Alliance is taking a step forward to make the interfaces between these components open and interoperable.

• 5G Core Network (5 GC):  According to the 3GPP standards, the 5GC network is based on a service-based architecture. All core network features are cloud-based, including the separation of user and control planes, stateless networking, open interfaces and APIs. Core network features are easy to deploy, upgrade, and scale to launch new services at a lower cost.

• 5G transport network:  New 5G network use cases such as eMBB, URLLC, and mMTC require a transport network that can handle not only the huge amount of traffic but also the wide range of network characteristics in each scenario. It must meet the needs of a growing variety of devices, services and new business models. To achieve high capacity, transport networks must support 25G, N x 25G in the access/pre-aggregation layer, 100G, N x 100G in the aggregation layer, and up to 400G in the service provider’s core network. In addition, the transport network must meet stringent timing requirements to keep latency below 10ms.

• Network segmentation:  This method allows multiple independent end-to-end logical networks to be used on a common physical infrastructure. Each layer can provide a specific quality of service (QoS) for a service or application. The network layer may cover several parts of the network (access network, core network, and transport network).

• Edge Computing: Edge computing brings compute, network, and storage resources closer to subscribers and end users. Closer proximity improves response time and allows for more efficient bandwidth usage. Edge computing, also known as the edge cloud, can be deployed on customer premises such as enterprises and manufacturing facilities managed or hosted by a service provider.

• Telecom cloud:  As an open platform, the telecom cloud helps service providers avoid being dependent on a single vendor and allows them to benefit from a vast ecosystem of cloud features that improve infrastructure, improve operations and speed up service. The telecommunications cloud enables service flexibility and rapid adoption of service innovations, enabling service providers to leverage a new wave of applications and services that will revitalize their business models.

• Security:  As a result of 5G networks, IoT, network segmentation techniques and edge computing, new attack vectors are emerging. Threats can come from anywhere and are increasing in number, frequency and sophistication. If the current approach to security is not improved, the security of 5G networks can become a performance bottleneck. Isolated systems and manual responses are no longer effective. A comprehensive approach is needed that provides a complete view of the network and the external ecosystem in order to fully understand the threats, dynamically adapt and consistently apply security policies throughout the network.

• Management and Orchestration (MANO):  5G networks can greatly increase the number of connected end-user devices, nodes, and services. It is not possible to manage network operations manually with the required scale and quality. The only practical way to handle the scale and complexity of future cloud and 5G networks is to automate operations with full support for Open APIs for multi-tenant, multi-cloud environments, generating a constant flow of knowledge through AI and ML.

Innovative 5G network technologies

5G is part of a wider revolution that also embraces cloud and automation technologies to create a more reliable and resilient platform for service providers. Juniper Networks believes that 5G networks alone are not enough to transform the business of service providers. To truly understand the value of these technologies and realize the opportunities they promise, service providers must consider the collaborative capabilities of the cloud .5G and automation. These technologies rely on each other, and in some cases even depend on each other.

For example, many of the benefits of 5G cannot be optimized without moving the infrastructure to the cloud, whether it be telecom cloud and NFVI, distributed edge cloud, or virtualized, containerized (VNF/CNF) or disaggregated functions. While 5G and the cloud together provide a quantum leap in terms of scale, performance, and agility, they also increase operational complexity, which can be simplified and managed only through network automation.

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5G and the cloud promise new opportunities for consumers and businesses. To thrive in today’s 5G/multi-cloud world, service providers need a strategy that simplifies network operations and delivers a differentiated customer experience. Juniper refers to this phenomenon as interaction-oriented networks.

Our approach to interoperability networks for service providers is based on three main solution areas:

• Scalable IP Services Matrix for Efficient IP Transport

• Cloud Approach to Facilitate Telecom and Edge Cloud

• Managed Enterprise Services  for Guaranteed Quality of Service

Each of these solution areas is based on our customers:

• Connected security  protects users, devices, applications, and infrastructure

• Intelligent automation makes it easy to improve customer experiences

Frequently Asked Questions About 5G

What is the difference between 4G and 5G networks?

5G networks are designed for downlink data transmission at peak speeds of up to 20 Gbps, which is 20 times the 1 Gbps peak speed of 4G LTE networks. In addition, 5G is expected to allow users to transfer data at a faster rate (10 to 100 times), support more connected devices than 4G (10 to 100 times), and provide ultra-low latency of the order of 1 millisecond (ms). 5G provides innovative user experiences and services in areas such as augmented reality, virtual reality, mixed reality applications, industrial automation, autonomous cars, and connected medical devices.

Why do service providers need a 5G network?

The 5G network will be required by service providers to significantly reduce the cost per bit when handling the ever-increasing amount of data traffic. The 5G network also allows service providers to prevent the decline in average revenue per subscriber by providing consumers, governments and enterprises with new 5G-based services.

What additional technologies are needed to provide 5G networks?

The following technologies are helping to meet the new bandwidth and latency demands of 5G:

5G transport network:  5G networks need a transport network that can not only handle the huge increase in traffic but also meet a wide range of network characteristics for each specific use case.

Automated operation:  The 5G network dramatically uk49s increases the number of connected end-user devices, nodes and services. The only practical way to manage the scale and complexity of future cloud and 5G networks is to automate operations by creating a continuous flow of information through the power of artificial intelligence and machine learning.

Network segmentation:  With network segmentation, you can run multiple independent end-to-end logical networks on a common physical infrastructure, where each segment can provide quality of service (QoS) for a particular service or application.

Telecommunications cloud:  An open telecommunications cloud platform helps service providers avoid being tied to a single vendor and generate revenue from a vast ecosystem of cloud functions to deliver new 5G applications and services.

Security:  As a result of 5G networks, IoT, network segmentation techniques and edge computing, new attack vectors are emerging. The unified security approach provides absolute threat protection by providing a complete picture of the network and its external ecosystem, and dynamically adapting and enforcing security policies across the entire network.

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